The effect of eight weeks of cardiac rehabilitation on hemodynamic parameters and blood lipid profile in male patients 55-70 years old CABG coronary artery bypass graft surgery

Extended Abstract 1.Introduction According to the World Health Organization (2010), cardiovascular disease (CHD) is the most common cause of death worldwide (1). Sadeghpour et al. (2010) have shown that one of the most common problems after coronary artery bypass grafting is extensive hemodynamic changes. Incomplete drainage of blood and blood fluid from the pericardium and pleura reduces heart pumping, changes in blood pressure, pulse changes, and arrhythmias (2). Research findings by Limrijesse et al. (2012) suggest that although coronary artery bypass graft surgery has greatly reduced mortality from heart disease, this group of patients is still at risk of death. They believe that the most important cause is inactivity and lack of regular exercise (4). Research by Bartels et al. (2021) showed that exercise rehabilitation in bypass patients improves cardiovascular risk factors such as blood pressure and heart rate and blood lipid profile and plays an important role in primary and secondary prevention (5). On the other hand, Ambrosti et al. (2020) have achieved similar results. In this study, researchers have shown that a cardiac rehabilitation period is effective in reducing mortality and secondary prevention and controlling systolic and diastolic blood pressure risk factors and blood lipid profiles. Is (7). Due to the effect of cardiac rehabilitation in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases and accidents on the one hand and the high direct and indirect treatment costs imposed on insurance organizations due to drug and surgical interventions on the other hand is covered. Giving a cardiac rehabilitation program due to its high clinical benefits, including reducing blood pressure risk factors and blood lipid profile and increasing the functional capacity of vascular transplant patients, reducing per capita drug use, reducing mortality and increasing life expectancy for the benefit of patients and society It is also in the interest of insurance companies. Therefore, the researcher seeks to answer the question of whether eight weeks of cardiac rehabilitation affect hemodynamic parameters and blood lipid profile in male patients 55 to 70 years of age with CABG coronary artery bypass graft surgery. 2.Methods For the present quasi-experimental study, which was performed with a pre-test-post-test design, among male patients with an age range of 55 to 70 years, coronary artery bypass graft referring to Sari Heart Center (120 people), 40 people were selected as volunteers and Were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The research variables were measured 24 hours before and 48 hours after the exercises. Also, the experimental group performed rehabilitation exercises for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week and each session for 45-60 minutes. Research variables were assessed using a heart rate monitor, hand barometer and blood sampling. Finally, descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and Shapirovilk and independent t-tests were used using SPSS software at a significance level of p <./.5 for statistical analysis of data. 3.Results Before comparing the results of the two groups, the data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk test to determine the normal distribution, which showed that the data distribution is normal. Also, according to the assumption of equality of variances based on Levin test, the first row of t-test table was used, which showed that 8 weeks of cardiac rehabilitation has a significant effect on hemodynamic parameters and blood lipid profile of coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients ( Table 1). 4.Discussion The results of this study showed that eight weeks of cardiovascular rehabilitation has an effect on hemodynamic parameters and blood lipid profile in men 55 to 70 years old by bypass surgery. Shabani et al. (2011) in a study showed that a cardiac exercise rehabilitation Improving resting heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure have an effect that is consistent with the present study (14). On the other hand, the findings of Siavashi et al. (2012) indicate that 24 sessions of cardiovascular rehabilitation in patients with bypass surgery improve the hemodynamic parameters of systolic blood pressure, diastolic pressure and heart rate, which is consistent with the present study (9). Consistent with this study, Afzal Aghaei et al. (2016) have shown in a study that after 24 sessions of cardiac rehabilitation, a significant improvement was observed in all components of the blood lipid profile, including TG, TC, HDL, LDL, and cholesterol (17). While the research findings of Butles et al. (2021) indicated that cardiac exercise rehabilitation in patients with bypass surgery improves hemodynamic parameters and blood lipid profile (5) Jafari et al. (1400) The effect of 6 weeks of rehabilitation Cardiac lipid profiles have been studied. The results showed that HDL levels increased and LDL, cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased, thus reducing coronary atherosclerosis and recurrent myocardial infarction in CABG patients (18 ). The findings of this study are consistent with the results of the present study, while Meissner et al. (2010) stated that 12 weeks of aerobic exercise reduced triglycerides, but HDL, LDL and cholesterol levels did not change significantly (19). In the study of Dehsokhteh et al. (2017), the effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation on risk factors in patients with coronary arteries was investigated and the results showed that the dimension of systolic and diastolic blood pressure rehabilitation period was significantly different from the control group (20). Paraclinical studies of patients with ischemia of the heart have been observed in a free study et al. (2013). Reduces risk factors and improves quality of life (21). In this study, the findings showed that due to the high prevalence of cardiovascular disease in the country and the high per capita consumption of drugs and its high costs and the high importance of cardiovascular rehabilitation in reducing cardiovascular risk factors and secondary prevention and reduction Re-stroke in heart patients, including coronary artery bypass grafting, more attention to the issue of cardiac rehabilitation and the establishment of clinics and centers in this regard is necessary. It is hoped that using the results of this study, a clear view on the importance of the impact of these programs on officials and experts to pay more attention to these programs. However, lack of access to all members of society, lack of control over hereditary and psychological characteristics and lack of control over the economic and social conditions of the subjects are some of the limitations of the present study that may affect the results of the study.